Mar+14+Mod+2.+Les+2


 * Home task: **

1. Yakhontova : pp. 105-117 (Useful phrases for Introduction); 88-90 (List of references)
The book is

2. Swales : pp. pp. 173-194 (Introduction writing)
 The book is

Introduction
**__Writing a Research Paper __** IMRD format (Introduction, Methods, Results, and Discussion) 1. Author's name 2. Title 3. Abstract 4. Key words 5. Introduction 6. Methods 7. Results 8. Discussion <span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 14.6667px;">9. Conclusions <span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 14.6667px;">11. References **__<span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 14.6667px;">1. Author's name __** <span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 14.6667px;">The names of English academic authors normally consist of the first (given) and last (family) names, the given name always being placed before the last name (but, certainly, not in bibliographies), for example, "Richard Winkler." Sometimes a middle initial is added, e.g. "Dwight K. Stevenson." (Rules of Ukrainian transliteration – Yakhontova 71-72) **__<span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 14.6667px;">2. Title __** __<span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 14.6667px;">1. Nominative constructions, that is titles with one or more nouns as principal elements. __ //<span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 10.6667px;">Genetic and Environmental Influences on Serum Lipid Levels in Twins // //<span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 10.6667px;">A Script of Todays Russian Feminist Biography // __<span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 14.6667px;">2. "Colon"-titles consisting of two parts separated by a colon. __ //<span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 10.6667px;">The Immigration History Research Center's Ukrainian Collection: Study in Bibliographic Access through Computer Systems // //<span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 10.6667px;">The Rotor-Tip Vortex: Structure and Interactions // __<span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 14.6667px;">3. Titles consisting of two parts (of different syntactic types) separated by a punctuation mark other than the colon. These constructions are close in their rhetorical features to "colon"-titles __<span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 14.6667px;">. //<span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 10.6667px;">Born Again? The Ethics and Efficacy of the Conversion Experience in Contemporary Management Development // __<span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 14.6667px;">4. Verbal constructions, that is titles containing a non-finite form of a verb as a principal element. __ <span style="display: block; font-family: Calibri,sans-serif; font-size: 10.6667px; text-align: center;">Solving Short Wave Problems Using Special Finite Elements <span style="display: block; font-family: Calibri,sans-serif; font-size: 10.6667px; text-align: center;">Analyzing and Teaching Research Genres __<span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 14.6667px;">5. Titles in the form of complete sentences. __ <span style="display: block; font-family: Calibri,sans-serif; font-size: 10.6667px; text-align: center;">Language is not a Physical Object <span style="display: block; font-family: Calibri,sans-serif; font-size: 10.6667px; text-align: center;">Learner Autonomy is more than a Cultural Construct <span style="display: block; font-family: Calibri,sans-serif; font-size: 14.6667px; text-align: justify;">Social sciences and humanities tend to use shorter but more diverse types of titles, often with the preference for "colon"-titles. Such titles separate ideas in the relation of "general-specific" with the first part indicating a research area and the second one naming an object/aspect of the investigation. "Colon"-titles may consist of the parts with quite different syntactic structures. For example, in the title "The Stress Axis at Work: How the Body Copes with life's Challenges" the first part is a nominative construction, while the second one is a clause. <span style="display: block; font-family: Calibri,sans-serif; font-size: 14.6667px; text-align: justify;">*In English research writing, there is a tendency now to compose eyecatching titles with vivid outward features of "interestingness," which aim at gaining readers' attention **__<span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 14.6667px;">11. References __** <span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 14.6667px;">a) author's last name and initials; <span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 14.6667px;">b) title of work (book of paper in a journal or collection; the <span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 14.6667px;">distinction between these two kinds of titles must be shown); <span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 14.6667px;">c) publication date; <span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 14.6667px;">d) volume number (for journals); <span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 14.6667px;">e) issue number (for journals); <span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 14.6667px;">f) editor's last name and initials (for collections only); <span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 14.6667px;">g) place of publishing (for books and collections); <span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 14.6667px;">h) publisher's name (for books and collections).

**__<span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 14.6667px;">General structure __**


 * <span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 14.6667px;">5. Introduction || <span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 14.6667px;">General to specific || <span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 14.6667px;">Present tense ||
 * <span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 14.6667px;">6. Methods || <span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 14.6667px;">Details || <span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 14.6667px;">Past tense ||
 * <span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 14.6667px;">7. Results || <span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 14.6667px;">Details || <span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 14.6667px;">Past tense ||
 * <span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 14.6667px;">8. Discussion || <span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 14.6667px;">Specific to general || <span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 14.6667px;">Present tense ||

**__<span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 13.3333px;">5. Introduction __** <span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 14.6667px;">Establishing a research territory || <span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 14.6667px;">by showing that the general research area is important,central, interesting, problematic, or relevant in someway (**//optional)//** <span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 14.6667px;">and/or <span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 14.6667px;">by reviewing previous research in the area (**//obligatory)//** || <span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 14.6667px;">or <span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 14.6667px;">by counter-claiming <span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 14.6667px;">or <span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 14.6667px;">by raising a question <span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 14.6667px;">or <span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 14.6667px;">by continuing a tradition || <span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 14.6667px;">by announcing principal findings (**//optional)//** <span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 14.6667px;">and/or <span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 14.6667px;">by outlining the structure of the research paper **//<span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 14.6667px;">(optional) //** || || || || ||
 * **__<span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 14.6667px;">Move 1 __**
 * **__<span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 14.6667px;">Move 2 __**<span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 14.6667px;">Establishing a niche || <span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 14.6667px;">by indicating a gap in the previous research
 * **__<span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 14.6667px;">Move 3 __**<span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 14.6667px;"> Occupying the niche || <span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 14.6667px;">by outlining purposes or nature of the present research **//<span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 14.6667px;">(obligatory) //**